Answer:
All of the above have caused ecological disruption
Explanation:
Ecological disruption can be described as a kind of disturbance, whether of biological or non-biological origin which affects the pattern of a particular ecosystem. Disruptions might be caused due to factors such as weather changes or biotic factors such as the invasion of a predator species which disrupts the whole food web of an ecosystem. Any new species, when introduced in a stable ecosystem, will cause disruption in some way or the other.
